Every quote this report uses, in full, with its episode, its date, its attribution tier and the reasoning behind that tier. 161 quotes from 34 episodes, 2015 to 2026. Nothing here is paraphrased and nothing is cleaned up.
These are Whisper automatic transcripts with no speaker labels. Two things on every
card are machine-checked against the transcript file named at its foot: the quote text,
and every string quoted inside the Basis line — that is, the hand-offs,
self-identifications and cold-open rosters that are the actual evidence for the attribution.
161 quote texts and 89 evidence strings now verify. Three failed earlier drafts and were
corrected: one quote cited to the wrong transcript of a duplicated episode, and two Basis lines
that misquoted their own evidence. Those corrections are recorded in the notes on cards
1712, 2005 and 2614.
Transcription errors are inside the quotes, deliberately. Whisper renders Tether as “Heather”, “feather”, “teller” and “Tather”; Bitfinex as “Bet Phoenix”, “Bipfeneck” and “i4nex”; FUD as “fund”, “fond” and “fun”. Where a mangled word would mislead a reader, the gloss is in the note outside the quotation marks.
Each card names the grounds it actually relies on, so the tier is never a bare assertion.
Tier A — the speaker is established by the show's own machinery pointing
forwards: a preceding hand-off that this quote answers with no other roster
name intervening, a self-identification inside the passage, or a
single-voice programme. 117 quotes.
Tier A− — the same machinery pointing backwards, which is weaker,
so it gets its own tier rather than being folded into A. Three grounds: the
turn ends in a hand-off to someone else, so the speaker is the one running the
running order (on these shows, the host); the next turn names the speaker and
reports what they just said; or third-person elimination — the speaker
refers to every other member of a roster of known size in the third person, leaving one person.
15 quotes, and all but one of them are the host on his own programme.
Tier B — the roster is known from a primary source (the show's published FEATURING list, or the host's recorded cold-open naming the panel) but which person spoke the line is not established. 26 quotes. Tier C — no roster source for that voice at all: unnamed Skype callers, audience members, and one re-cut clip with no cold-open. 3 quotes.
A name and a tier go together: nothing is named at tier B or C, and nothing at A or A− is left unnamed. Writing style, known opinions, subject-matter expertise and reputation are not grounds and are never used.
Four quotes are marked read aloud: the speaker is reading a news article, a court filing or a press release, not stating a view. They are included because what a show chose to read on air is itself a fact about the show — but they are not that person's opinion.
He's at 15 years old and an intern at Tether.
Basis: Two-person on-location interview (host + Tina Hui, self-identified). The line sits in interleaved chatter with an interjection inside it; which voice says it is not established.
The earliest Tether reference found anywhere in the archive. Purely incidental - Tether named only as a place a teenager interned. No evaluative content.
roster known, speaker notBut even if it's not done super well, even if it's just a copy of something like Tether, which used to be real coin, I'll take a page from tone there and call it real coin.
Basis: Hand-off: "All right, Blake Anderson, your thoughts on the liquid side chain?" Quote falls in that answering turn; the only roster name inside it is the speaker's own third-person reference ("I'll take a page from tone there").
"real coin" = Realcoin, Tether's name before the October 2014 rebrand. The earliest substantive Tether statement in the archive still reaches for the old name.
preceding hand-off third-person eliminationExit question, what's your favorite Bitcoin USD option? Tether, liquid, coin-apult locks or storing USD on Coinbase?
Basis: Scripted moderator voice. The host is never named in this transcript variant, so the moderator is not established.
The framing matters: in October 2015 Tether is one of four competing ways to hold dollars, not market infrastructure.
roster known, speaker notI got it on me. No, none of the above. I don't use any of them. ... I don't trust any of them. I'll be honest with you. So I'm... I'm going to go with none of the above.
Basis: Hand-off: "Tone Vays." immediately preceding.
preceding hand-offI mean, Tether's not bad, but I mean, you know, we'll see if leaps and bounds can be made from what they've achieved. I'm interested in the idea behind these dollar backed coins, but I'm not sure that we've gotten to the right one yet.
Basis: Hand-off: "Blake Anderson." after the preceding one-word answer.
preceding hand-offYeah, but again, Tether's not bad, but I don't trust the regulatory environment. Right? Who's to say that? One of these days, you're not even going to realize that all your Tether has been confiscated, right? By the federal government.
Basis: Speaker changes mid-exchange and is not established.
Confiscation, not fraud, is the dominant objection in 2015 - well before reserve scepticism arrives.
roster known, speaker notIs Tether still coming? Yeah, Tether still around. I think they have their current market cap is about $5 million. ... So with Tether, it's hard to prove that they really hold those assets at any given point in time. It is actually a lot more centralized than our model.
Basis: A Digix representative. Only one Digix speaker (Kai C. Chng) self-identifies and the host says "a couple of the Digix guys will be popping in and out of here", so the answering voice is not established.
The earliest reserve scepticism in the archive, July 2016 - and it comes from a competing asset-backed-token issuer, i.e. an interested party.
roster known, speaker notI mean, it was supposed to be a way to get USD value around a place. And I think that other means like Tether, which is probably wrecked to right now, you know, were kind of invented in order to get USD value around.
Basis: Hand-off: "He's a starter. Theo, good." - a Whisper truncation of "Theo Goodman" - immediately before the answering turn, no other roster name intervening. Worth an audio spot-check because the hand-off is clipped.
"probably wrecked to right now" is probably "probably rekt too right now".
preceding hand-offI think sadly the main problem is what are they using to counter party the Bitcoin trades in the problems always been getting to usd if you had something like tether which was a usd coin I could see how it an exchange could exist independent using that coin but then the problem is that coin is pegged to a bunch of stuff and very not independent and may have a breakdown who knows about tether.
Basis: Two-voice episode (Thomas Hunt and Tone Vays per the cold open), so one of two named people - but no hand-off, so which is not established.
roster known, speaker notnow the crazy part is what's happening with tether right now because Kraken has the only tether to us the listing and it's always been one to one and you know Josh you will agree with me on this that neither one of us had ever thought it should have been one to one because there's inherent risk in tether especially the fact that the cash is just sitting there in a Taiwanese bank
Basis: The block opens mid-turn with no hand-off captured. The cold-open roster also appears incomplete: an unintroduced panelist greets the room ("What up party poopers?") and a "Josh" is addressed directly here but never surnamed.
roster known, speaker notpeople looked at tether and said wait a minute they they're using pretty much the same banks as Bitfinex does so if Bitfinex is having all these problems tether is either about to have these problems or already is having these problems
Basis: Same unidentified turn as 1701.
roster known, speaker notregarding the tether stuff I'm not entirely sure what I think tether ought to be trading at in terms of a discount because the thing about tether is like it's hot potato we all know it's hot potato at some point tether is going to explode it has to
Basis: A second unidentified voice answering the first. Not established.
April 2017: the collapse is already assumed as a matter of when, not whether. The claim sits unattributed because the roster for this stretch cannot be recovered.
roster known, speaker notyeah so first of all you know say that I do work for i4nex incorporated I do not work for tether but I can address some of these issues
Basis: Hand-off: "all right nice let's move on to Chris Ellis your thoughts on the bit for next and tether issue". The turn also contains this self-identification of employment.
"i4nex" = Bitfinex. The speaker states his own employment on air.
preceding hand-off self-identificationi don't work for tether but i will comment on it before i came on air i did speak to the tether team and i tried to get some certainty the timeliest banking situation only affects foreign trade so it only affects the wires going internationally it doesn't affect domestic transfers so there is shared ownership between the the tether and i4nex they have similar corporate structure in their own by some of the same people and as a result tether bank in ty one the same as i4nex do
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1704, no roster name intervening.
"i4nex" = Bitfinex; "the timeliest" / "ty one" = Taiwanese / Taiwan; "in their own by some of the same people" = "they're owned by some of the same people". The most load-bearing quote in the early archive: a self-identified Bitfinex employee describing shared ownership, shared corporate structure and shared Taiwanese banking, in April 2017.
preceding hand-offso when tether issue that tether tokens they back it to a usd in in their account and when that usd tether goes off to plyon x or it goes off to crack and it gets traded over there it comes back to to bitfinex and then bitfinex will settle it one for one in theory minus fees and then bitfinex will send the usd equivalent back to tether's ty one is back
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1704.
"plyon x" = Poloniex; "crack" = Kraken; "ty one" = Taiwan.
preceding hand-offthere's some risks I think um that whole tether story with BitFinex that that's starting to worry me a little bit more uh we'll we'll see if that um changes the equation a little bit um they they have them printing an awful lot of tether whether or not that's actually backed by dollars is the real question
Basis: Hand-off: "shaking it off Bitcoin and Taylor Swift Jimmy song".
preceding hand-offI'm starting to get nervous about the tether issue and uh I really don't care what the people involved in tether think uh this is my opinion and I know there is like huge opinions on both sides
Basis: Hand-off: "and here we go tone veys", immediately followed by this answering turn.
preceding hand-offso the recent article by BitFinext is this one I mean I read the article uh I thought it was a good read now I don't know if this is fun I don't know if this is bullshit I mean a lot of people uh consider BitFinext as a troll that he has an agenda
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1708.
"BitFinext" = Bitfinex'ed, the pseudonymous Tether critic; "if this is fun" = "if this is FUD".
preceding hand-offlike to me like I don't know if tether has every i don't know if tether is fractionally reserved or not uh every single dollar of tether could be sitting there at a bank right the question is what bank and i believe there is a nice bounty out there to find out what bank uh now suppose it's a bank suppose it's a Taiwanese bank like a lot of us suspect and like a lot of us were told it could be any bank to me tether is egold i don't see a difference between tether and egold right
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1708.
The e-gold thesis - the objection is seizure, not fraud. It recurs the following week.
preceding hand-offi'm not going to speculate what a tether is a scam or not i mean that that i don't know i don't have the info you can argue with bitfinex over that i'm gonna i'm gonna play devil's advocate and say tether is all on the up and up but then it's equal so so that you like you can't win that argument against me
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1708.
"it's equal" = "it's e-gold". The explicit statement of the position: not that Tether is a fraud, but that a fully-backed Tether is seizable and therefore doomed anyway.
preceding hand-offtether was hacked for more than 31 million of its digital tokens and they have a solution they're going to roll back the tether chain to get rid of the hacker. Is this the new solution for all cryptocurrencies and how does this relate into our topic last week when tone waves was saying he worried about tether was uncertain of the number printed and the bank accounts other potential solutions. Was this just an attractant? Are we just talking about tether every week? Go ahead, Tom.
Basis: Self-identified in the cold open ("And I'm Thomas Hunt from the World Crypto Network"); this is the scripted issue intro and it performs the hand-off.
"tone waves" = Tone Vays. This host line independently confirms that the long TBG-165 monologue the week before was Tone Vays's. "Are we just talking about tether every week?" is the moment the show notices Tether has become a standing item.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-offNow when people need to realize that tether is a centralized coin and I have a huge problem with tether now I'm not going to I'm already getting like getting the huge fights of a tether with people I used to like. ... but I never cared about tether when it was 10 million 20 million 30 million. But now it's approaching one billion and I know exactly how tether is going to end
Basis: Hand-off: "Go ahead, Tom." ("Tom" = Tone Vays as rendered).
preceding hand-offSo to me, Tether is a really, really dumb project. It's a project with people's heads in the sand because the government is going to come smack the hammer down and they know exactly where the money is sitting and that's me, you know, going against Bitfinex and all of his research that says the money is not even there, right? So I will assume that the money is there and I think that if the money is there, it's probably worse because the government is going to show up and it's going to take the money
Basis: Hand-off: "Go ahead, Tom." Same continuous answering turn.
Here "Bitfinex ... all of his research" is Bitfinex'ed, the pseudonymous critic, not the exchange - the masculine pronoun and the reference to research settle it. Note the speaker explicitly declines the fraud claim and argues the opposite: a fully backed Tether is the worse case.
preceding hand-offWell, so I did do an interview with Diffin X earlier this week with Tone and that was one of the weirdest sort of things that I've gone through. I think Tone and I have been talking since then, we're like, what did we get ourselves into? What is this thing? Because, you know, I honestly hadn't looked too much into it until that interview.
Basis: Hand-off: "All right, Jimmy Song, your thoughts on Tether."
"Diffin X" = Bitfinex'ed.
preceding hand-offLike whatever happened, if you compromise a three or four, you either have terrible opsec, the hacker is really good, in which case they can do all kinds of things to you that, or you have some mold in your organization. None of those things are good. So it tells me that this is not a good situation.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1715.
"a three or four" = a 3-of-4 multisig; "mold" = mole.
preceding hand-offWell, no, I'm not saying it's going to cause a correction. I think a tether blow-up would be the greatest thing for Bitcoin ever.
Basis: Two voices overlap inside this passage; the interjections cannot be separated from the main turn.
roster known, speaker notExit question, the price of tether will remain at $1.00 a coin or a fall to zero.
Basis: Scripted exit question; host self-identified in the cold open.
self-identificationBut again, let's not say that this isn't anything new. We've warned you about Tether from the beginning that it required trust, that it required USD funds to be held in a bank account to the matching amount of Tether, and that this reminded anyone with half a history of the gold, what are they called, gold cards or whatever, gold tickets.
Basis: Single-voice presenter monologue, self-identified: "My name is Thomas Hunt, and here's what's happening today in Bitcoin."
self-identification single-voice programmeThey give them a piece of gold, they give you a ticket. You come back, you trade your ticket for the piece of gold. The only problem is they always printed more tickets than they had gold. Certainly I'm not saying that happened in this case.
Basis: Same single-voice monologue.
The gold-certificate analogy, with the disclaimer attached.
single-voice programmeWe don't know anything about the insides of Tether. We have no insider information here. But it did seem from the outside recently a lot of people became worried about Tether. As they noticed, they were printing millions and perhaps even more dollars at the low.
Basis: Same single-voice monologue.
The epistemic position stated plainly on the day of the subpoena news.
single-voice programmeNow of course the conspiracy theory being run by the mainstream media is that it's actually been Tether propping up the Bitcoin price the whole time that through strategic buy and sells the Tether people had driven the Bitcoin price up to 20,000. I don't think many Bitcoins will believe that, but I do believe that's what will be floated in the mainstream media.
Basis: Same single-voice monologue.
"many Bitcoins" = many Bitcoiners. In January 2018 he calls the price-manipulation thesis a "conspiracy theory being run by the mainstream media". Five months later he accepts the academic version of it (see 1824).
single-voice programmeAnd from my basic understanding, Tether has dollars in a US account or in a bank account somewhere and that they're linking their coin as a stable coin. One tether is supposed to equal one dollar and in their account, they're supposed to hold X number of dollars matching the X number of tethers in the world. And this was a cool idea for a long time. It required trust though. We always warned people we said it requires trust.
Basis: Live single-host Skype call-in show; the host runs the price recaps, news reads, chat reads and caller hand-offs throughout, and a caller addresses him in-recording ("Hello Thomas, how are you?").
single-voice programmeTether took these same problems of Coinbase and expanded them to an altcoin. Tether became the altcoin that was linked to Fiat, which is a very dangerous idea as we're seeing today as the old system is now engulfing tether looking at their business practices wondering if they have printed more coins and also just wondering what they're doing in general.
Basis: Same single-host show as 1805.
The central thesis of the segment, and the one he keeps: the danger is at the point where Bitcoin touches the fiat system.
single-voice programmeA lot of people have been critical of Tether. The idea itself is very easy to be critical of and then now that they've at least confirmed that they dissolve their relationship with their auditor. That's not good news. Not good news.
Basis: Same single-host show as 1805.
single-voice programmewith this all going on people don't realize that this is gonna happen in in such a new trading market. This is, we're talking about the beginning of the beginning and for those who are just getting in on this, they have to realize that this is gonna be happening, whether it's big connect, whether it's hex raccoing, whether it's USDT, you have to do your own due diligence
Basis: An unnamed Skype caller. No roster source of any kind for callers on this programme.
"big connect" = BitConnect; "hex raccoing" = HextraCoin.
no roster sourceAnd now tether seems to be crumbling all around us, losing their auditor, receiving us a pina on December 6, which was strangely reported by the media a month later. And now, many are saying they printed too many tethers at the low. There's too much money tied up in tether, and it could wreck the entire Bitcoin market.
Basis: Scripted issue read; host self-identified in the cold open and performs every hand-off in the episode.
"receiving us a pina" = receiving a US subpoena.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-offYeah, it's so funny that some single troll can just cause so much chaos, but this is the age we live in, the information age where a single tweet can change the world. So yeah, at this point, I think tether has been commented on enough.
Basis: Hand-off: "Jeffrey Jones is tether the end of Bitcoin."
Jeffrey Jones hosted The Bitcoin News Show under the handle Vortex; Kyle Torpey refers to him as "Vortex" later in the same episode.
preceding hand-offI'm not, I have not been and never will be too much worried about tether because again, it's temporary, it's a temporary solution just like Coinbase. ... It's an evident ability that at some point, we won't need tether
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1810.
"It's an evident ability" = "it's an inevitability".
preceding hand-offSo there is lots of exchanges out there that do support USDT, right? Tether. But do you actually need it to trade? Absolutely not. We were trading crypto's thousands of cryptos before tether ever came along.
Basis: Hand-off: "So Jeffrey Jones, do the exchanges need tether?"
preceding hand-offI did write a somewhat negative piece about tether in Forbes, I think in the middle of last year maybe, but it was, it was a reason is different than what we're hearing today about like how they might be insolvent or something.
Basis: Hand-off: "Kyle Torpy, do we need tether?" The turn also refers to the speaker's own published work, corroborating the identification.
Rendered "Kyle Torpy" in the cold open.
preceding hand-offMy main criticism was like the US government or probably not many governments around the world are going to let tether exist if they're unable to, I mean, I know they do KYC and AML at the entry and exit points. I just don't think they're going to allow people to like move tether between accounts without some real world identity being attached to it.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1813.
preceding hand-offThat's why I called it like a ticking time bomb where I think they'll eventually shut it down and maybe people will have to like, you know, like they had to do with Mt. Gox where they had to wait years to get their money back
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1813.
Same structural objection as Tone Vays's e-gold thesis: seizure rather than fraud.
preceding hand-offBut in terms of this like stuff that, you know, Bitfinex posts about, I've never really bought too much of what he's had to say. It all seems very conspiratorial. Obviously, I'm not here to like endorse tether and say that they're, they have all the dollars to back their coin issuance.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1813.
Here "Bitfinex posts about ... what he's had to say" is Bitfinex'ed the critic, not the exchange - Whisper drops the apostrophe-ed and the masculine singular pronoun settles it.
preceding hand-offBut yeah, in terms of all the noise around the tether token, the only thing I really look at is the price of the tether token and it's still around like 99 cents in change. So I mean, that's, that's probably the best indication of what's going on behind the scenes there, I would think.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1813.
preceding hand-offSo what do you guys think? Was it BitFinex? Was it Tether? We had this problem last time when the price of Bitcoin spiked to $1200. We were really excited at the time. Afterwards we found out, allegedly, it was two trading bots on Mt. Gox, the Marcus and the Willie bot
Basis: Single-host programme, self-identified: "Welcome to Bitcoin Talk Show. Today is Wednesday, June 13th, 28th. My name is Thomas Hunt and let's just get started." No panel; only unidentified Skype callers.
self-identification single-voice programmeThis article was written by crypto medication. He posted it to medium. Medium is a website where anyone can post articles. So this is not like a Bloomberg or a New York Times article. The information that he's presenting to us in here may or may not be true. We don't have any other sources on this information.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
"crypto medication" = the pseudonymous Medium author Crypto Medicated. The framing matters enormously: roughly twenty minutes of this episode is that article read aloud. This quote is the host's own framing of what he is about to read, not part of the read itself - which is why it is not flagged read-aloud.
single-voice programmeThey printed 600 million tethers two days before news of the subpoena dropped. So once again, once you let people print money, they will start doing it in a manner.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
single-voice programmeThe Tether thing is pretty creepy all around. It's always been creepy. It's always been from the idea that okay, it's locked to a dollar so we have a bank account somewhere with a bunch of dollars in them. So if I come and seize that bank account, now you have a worthless altcoin.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
The seizure argument again, in his own words.
single-voice programmeSo it seemed like a recreation of Liberty Dollars or E-Gold where there was a centralized server that you could just go and claim. And it never made any sense. I don't know why people were into it. I know why they want a stable coin.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
single-voice programmeI'm still not seeing a smoking gun connecting them to tether and bit for next. But there does seem to be a lot of information here, different people, digital currency group, they control all the other groups. I don't know, it's getting pretty conspiratorial here.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
His verdict on the pseudonymous Medium article: unconvinced.
single-voice programmeOkay, so that sounds really rough. I think this guy has the juice. As opposed to the other article which I tried to read, this guy has a much better task on it. He's looking at the information purely from the outside using algorithms to analyze the data. And he's found some strange things in the data. This paper was just released today June 13th.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
"a much better task on it" = a much better take on it. His verdict on the Griffin & Shams academic paper: convinced. Set against 1823, the distinction he draws between the two documents is the clearest thing in the episode.
single-voice programmeSo bad news for Bitcoin again, 6,176. We are continuing to decline. People are freaking out about the tether news. They were mentioning in the chat that a Twitter user named BitFinext had been telling about us about all of this for years. I want to go and give him a shout out because he was totally right on all this bit for next stuff and they banned him and they mocked him and they chased him around.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
"BitFinext" = Bitfinex'ed the critic; "bit for next stuff" = Bitfinex the exchange. Both readings occur in one sentence.
single-voice programmeIt kind of pisses me off because I never liked tether, I never liked stable coins, I like Bitcoin and people are always printing coins and attaching them to Bitcoin and I don't know that the usual suspects are the guy that he accused did this or that bit for next did this or whoever did this, I disagree with you doing this. I think this was bad, man. I don't like it.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
The most personal passage in the 2018 material.
single-voice programmeI also want to say that as Tether starts to self destruct, which is definitely happening, was already planning on USDC. So they're going to do this again. They're probably going to do this again at a larger scale and with bigger players. So I don't think it's a good idea either.
Basis: Same single-host programme.
Whisper drops the subject: "was already planning on USDC" is Circle. The prediction that Tether is "definitely" self-destructing is the claim that the later archive retires.
single-voice programmeBitfinex, Tether, Cracken, Barry Silver, Owner of DCG, Roger Ver, Eric Voorhees, and the CME, and many other actors in the market appear to be all connected together and complicit in market manipulation of some sort.
Basis: Same single-host programme - but this is the host reading the Crypto Medicated Medium article aloud, not stating his own view. He rejects this thesis explicitly at 1823.
Included only to show what was read on air. These are the Medium author's words in the host's voice.
single-voice programmeI can tell already because it speaks pretty well about the involvement of Bitfinax and Tata, Roger Wehr, Barry Silverton stuff with international drug trafficking and washing money with all the biggest exchanges.
Basis: An unnamed Skype caller. The host gives this caller two conflicting first names during the call ("Oh yeah, Charlie." and later "So thanks so much Simon for the call"), so even the first name is not established.
"Tata" = Tether; "Roger Wehr" = Roger Ver; "Barry Silverton" = Barry Silbert.
no roster sourceFirst of all, let's dismiss what University of Texas says. I have no interest in what these academics have to say. It's almost laughable. It's like Paul Krugman's and all these guys. No interest in that stuff. I don't believe for a second that any market was falsely anything.
Basis: Hand-off: "Andy Hoffman is this true and what does it mean for the price of Bitcoin?" No other roster name intervenes.
A flat dismissal of Griffin & Shams, two days after the host accepted it (1824). The archive does not resolve the disagreement; it records it.
preceding hand-offIn this case, I read this entire report this morning, which is very long. If it's true, and I'm guessing that a large part of it is true, fantastic investigative journalism for one. I have one word in my mind for what I think BitFinex is, which verified in spades what I had initially heard about it and that's in run. There's clearly unbelievably shady things going on there. But there's no way of proving exactly what is true inside of that article and what is not.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1830.
"and that's in run" = "and that's Enron". Note the structure: the academic paper is dismissed, the pseudonymous Medium post is largely credited.
preceding hand-offTether is not fractional reserve. Tether is this shady company, which is at all kinds of problems in Hong Kong, no less, with no regulation of any kind is supposedly without auditing through this shell company Polish bank that has no assets is supposedly holding hundreds of millions of dollars and has the authority to make or break these tether tokens like the print them or get rid of them. That's not fractional reserve. That's just insanity.
Basis: The strongest anti-Tether passage in the episode, and the speaker is NOT established. The naming of Andy comes after the turn, not before it ("But Andy, what if I was to give you a preview of coming attractions"), and Andy's reply opens "you talk about flipping my views all around", which refers back to this passage. On the stated rule that is not enough.
This is the clearest case in the whole archive of a consequential claim whose mouth cannot be fixed. It needs an audio check before anyone attributes it.
roster known, speaker notSo what I'm going to do is I'm going to try to explain what Tether is. And I'm probably going to do a bad job. So jump in and correct me when I fuck up. So, Tether is a cryptographic token created by the Bitfnix Bitcoin exchange.
Basis: Hand-off: "Gabriel, divine." - the host's rendering of the name.
Rendered across this episode as "Gabriel D. Vaan", "Gabriel, divine", "Gabriel D. Vina" and "Gabriel D. Vaughan". "Bitfnix" = Bitfinex.
preceding hand-offNow, of course, that's very similar to the fractional reserve system we have now, which is actually completely legal, unlike, you know, tether if they're doing this. But if they, if, you know, if they're faking having these bank balances, then obviously that's a problem because then that, that means that they're creating money out of thin air. And so what I think, when I heard about this, I thought, okay, well, that's a definite vector for fraud.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1833.
preceding hand-offI'd probably again, you know, you talk about flipping my views all around, I would trust the Goldman Sachs token more than I would trust the Bitfinex darken because at least Goldman Sachs is a regulated US company. ... But yeah, no, I wouldn't trust Goldman Sachs either.
Basis: Hand-off: "But Andy, what if I was to give you a preview of coming attractions and to tell you that the Goldman Sachs backed circle is now planning USDC".
"the Bitfinex darken" = the Bitfinex token.
preceding hand-offI just wanted to say this, just just to quickly extend on what Andy was saying, any fraud in tether and Bitfinex is so, you know, in proportion to, you know, how it relates to Bitcoin is so incredibly minuscule compared to the fraud in traditional. Old finance that is absolutely systemic from the very core of its entire existence its basis on central banking.
Basis: Hand-off: "but Gabriel D. Vina anymore on this topic before we go to the exit question."
preceding hand-offI'm going with a prediction this week. I predict that tether will implode within the next three years.
Basis: Hand-off: "Thanks so much Andy we'll see you again soon great play and Gabriel divine your story of the week."
A dated, falsifiable prediction: June 2018, three years. It did not happen. The archive records the prediction; it does not record anyone revisiting it.
preceding hand-offAnd frankly, I don't believe for a second that the Bitcoin price was taken up because of tether. I think that's a small part maybe. But it's just one, look, it was a massive bull run and every imaginable force on earth was buying it.
Basis: Unbroken continuation of his exchange with Gabriel, immediately preceding the host's "I think that moves well into the exit question" and the exit-question hand-off to him. Crosstalk-adjacent; treat as the weakest Tier A in the batch.
preceding hand-offSix months after parting ways with his auditor, Tether has finally produced a third party report proclaiming that its cryptocurrency is fully backed by US dollars. However, Tether was unable to locate an accounting firm to do their report. Therefore, they released an audit, so-called audit, by a law firm.
Basis: Single-voice programme, self-identified: "My name is Thomas Hunt. Today is June 20th, 2018."
Mostly CoinDesk copy read aloud; "so-called audit" is his own interjection.
self-identification single-voice programmeAs Tether says, the barriers to getting audited are simply too big to overcome right now, and not just for us. ... As a CPA, I understand that. Interesting.
Basis: Same single-voice programme.
Read aloud from a CoinDesk report, which was itself quoting Tether's general counsel Stuart Hoegner. "As a CPA, I understand that" sits inside Hoegner's quoted words - it is NOT the host saying he is a CPA. The single most misreadable line in the 2018 archive. The closing "Interesting." is the host's own aside, spoken after the read ends; it is inside the quotation marks because it is contiguous in the transcript.
single-voice programmeIt also seems like they cannot confirm that the account is held by Tether. As it says here, for example, it said that the account where the cash is held is in the name of A trustee and that it could not vouch that Tether had any enforceable agreement with the trustee. So someone is holding Tether's money. We don't know who it is and we know that Tether doesn't directly control them.
Basis: Same single-voice programme.
Mixed: the middle clause is read from the report, the conclusion is his.
single-voice programmeTether claims that they're a fully backed crypto asset, but they had an audit done by a law firm, not an accounting firm, and they claim that it's impossible to get an audit done by an accounting firm because they don't understand cryptocurrency. I'm not sure if I believe that one. That seems pretty questionable.
Basis: Same single-voice programme.
His clearest personal verdict on the June 2018 review.
single-voice programmeNow, Tether claims that their assets are complete and intact but cannot be audited because no qualified accountants exist. Therefore, they have released a report by a law firm that vouches for their deposits on the date of June 1st and the date of June 1st.
Basis: Scripted issue read; host self-identified in the cold open and performs every hand-off.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-offSatisfied. Well, that's a hard question to answer. You know, nobody knows what's going on. Even the lawyers involved in this situation ... Friedman LLP they specifically say that they're going off of the information that they got from Tether themselves and their lawyers.
Basis: Hand-off: "Gabriel D. Vine is the tether issue over and settled. Are you satisfied with the results of the tether review?"
preceding hand-offAnd it's also understandable that Tether can't find a damn auditor because it's such a risky thing to do and super expensive.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1844.
preceding hand-offYou know, Tom Sinai before the show we're actually speaking about Tether's business model, Tether's profit model. And we determined that the main, obviously, the main function of Tether is to provide BitFinex and these other, you know, the ecosystem with some fiat liquidity that isn't subject to the laws of moving fiat around.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1844.
"Tom Sinai" = "Tom and I" - Tom being the host, Thomas Hunt.
preceding hand-offThe money's there to begin with. So it's not like they're issuing them out of nothing. People are paying them Bitcoin or another alt. Then they sell that and then give them Tether for it. And then they put the USD in their bank account supposedly. Now, of course, it's real easy to just skip that last step and keep all of it. But on the other hand, you don't earn the interest that way.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1844.
The interest-income argument - seven years before Jimmy Song runs the same arithmetic on Treasuries (see 2512).
preceding hand-offRight. Well, when we could go on the show, we talked about the tether report from the anonymous crypto medication. Again, this is an anonymous guy writing about all these, you know, doing some journalism, but you don't know what his angle is and you don't know how much of it is true.
Basis: Hand-off: "And if you can't trust a lawyer, who can you trust? Andy Hoffman."
"crypto medication" = Crypto Medicated.
preceding hand-offAnd my answer was that I never really paid much attention to tether because I don't think it matters to Bitcoin. But when I read that report, I said, wow, that is ugly. I'm sure some of it is true. There's no doubt that Bitfinex is as big of a scam as anything out there.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1848.
preceding hand-offEven this so-called audit is in a real audit. And as we talk about, it's a black box. No one has any idea what really goes on there. But that said, they did have a, a prominent law firm come out and say, yes, they have the money that they say they have, which is fine with me.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1848.
"is in a real audit" = "isn't a real audit".
preceding hand-offI don't believe for a second that tether made the price go up or that tether has made the price go down. But what I do, I do believe is that it's not really as big of a story as people like to make it out to be.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1848.
preceding hand-offAnd again, this is again about personal responsibility here, people. There are third parties making accusations about third parties who've confirmed things about third parties. This tether story has kind of jumped the shark here for me.
Basis: Hand-off: "Yep, Adam Meister." All of this turn follows it with no roster name intervening.
preceding hand-offSo for me, it, great. The pseudo auditor said it's cool. That's cool with me. I'm not a trader. I advise people not to play around with tether whatsoever. Just hold your Bitcoin and pound that like button, everyone.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1852.
Seven and a half years later, on TBG #502, the same speaker says "I love Tether" (see 2616).
preceding hand-offTotally a function of the market size because there's that much liquidity out there so people can push around the price that much. Once it gets bigger, it'll be less volatile and nobody will be talking about stablecoins. So, it's a useless stupid dream.
Basis: The preceding host line is "Another good name might have been anchor Adam.", which on its face hands off to Adam Meister. But two later panelist turns credit this view to Gabriel ("And I agree with Gabriel on his view of what a stablecoin is"; "And like what Gabriel says, it's the whole concept of the stablecoin thing"), and a second, redundant hand-off to Adam ("Yep, Adam Meister.") follows a few sentences later. The transcript contradicts itself. Not attributed.
More likely Gabriel D. Vine than Adam Meister, but the report does not assert it.
roster known, speaker notAnd like what Gabriel says, it's the whole concept of the stablecoin thing is just it's so bastardizing taking dollars and turning them into something far worse and riskier. ... Like I think the whole stablecoin thing is going to go away in time. And I think the whole tether thing is going to go away in time because it really has nothing to do with Bitcoin.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 1848.
preceding hand-offSo what happened on Sunday night, approximately a week and a half ago, I got a call of Sunday night that said that Tether was trading at $0.80 on OTC markets. And so people were starting to become very, very fearful. And the week before, the week before, they were trading at $0.97. And so there was a bit of a slow lock of faith in Tether.
Basis: Self-identified at the top of this presentation turn: "Hey, everyone. I'm Danny. I'm the CEO and co-founder of TrustToken and SureUSD." Single-voice presentation.
No surname is given anywhere in the recording. "slow lock of faith" = slow loss of faith. This is not a WCN editorial product: the file is a WCN-distributed recording of a San Francisco meetup, and the speaker runs a direct Tether competitor.
self-identification single-voice programmeAnd what we saw was something like a small bank run. And so Tether's started trading around on the exchange prices. something around 90 cents for a whole week. And so people in China, particularly in the Asian markets, were scrambling to get out of the tether thinking that the whole thing could fail.
Basis: Same self-identified presentation turn as 1856.
The only first-hand eyewitness account of the October 2018 de-peg in the archive - and it comes from an interested party.
self-identificationI may be tethered that in the past or maybe they fudge a couple of spots and that's why it's hard to get an actual company to audit them. They've also had bad press which makes it so that I don't think many companies want to touch them.
Basis: A seated Q&A panel of two. First-person plural and TrueUSD-specific facts make this the TrustToken speaker by role, but the moderator's "Maybe Danny." hand-off is separated from this answer by an intervening audience question.
"I may be tethered that in the past" = "Maybe Tether did that in the past".
roster known, speaker notLike you could have been on Mars and you would have known there was a problem with Tether and Bitfinex. You could have been beyond the Kuiper Belt and known that there was a problem with Tether and Bitfinex. So that is the market working very well in a very deregulated, unregulated crypto environment.
Basis: Five-voice panel, no scripted hand-offs, heavy crosstalk. The speaker refers to Eric and Nick in the third person and says "Fernando and I in this group", and the next speaker closes with "please correct me if I'm wrong Matthew" - which narrows to Matthew Mezinskis. That is a back-reference, not a hand-off, so it is not asserted.
The highest-risk file in the archive for misattribution: four well-known people with publicly differentiated views on Tether, and essentially no attributable hand-offs.
roster known, speaker notYou cannot honestly look in the mirror if you even know anything about the crypto space and say you didn't suspect there may be something going on and maybe you shouldn't put your life savings into tether.
Basis: Same unidentified turn as 1901.
roster known, speaker notI have a question for the room. Does anyone read this document in full and then not think to themselves, this is a manufactured crisis? The salient question to me is why did crypto capital, why were the funds seized? There's been no coverage of that for some reason.
Basis: A new turn opening "I have a question for the room", so a guest rather than the moderator, but no name evidence at all.
The sharpest contrarian reading of the NYAG action in the archive, and it cannot be attributed to anyone.
roster known, speaker notSo, you know, I listen to this call conversation about Tether. And to me, it's completely uninteresting because Tether's not, it's just another financial system that has nothing to do with Bitcoin. It doesn't have the security model of a Bitcoin.
Basis: Two turns later a different speaker says "I do agree with Eric that this is not Bitcoin and it doesn't affect Bitcoin security model", which back-references this argument to Eric Voskuil. A back-reference, not a hand-off.
roster known, speaker notI know it's a very different perspective, but it's tether. It's just some crap that people made up to move some money around. It doesn't have the security model of Bitcoin.
Basis: Same unidentified turn as 1904.
Widely quotable and not safely attributable. Named here with the attribution withheld deliberately.
roster known, speaker notAnd this is I think where Nick was getting in his, you know, I know one of the things that Nick feels strongly about and he said really good points about this in Honeybattery is like, we should demand full reserves and stuff.
Basis: Hand-off immediately before: "It's a really a bank though. And Matthew will kick it over to you." No other roster name intervenes as a hand-off; inside the turn the speaker refers to Nick, Eric and Fernando in the third person.
Rendered "Matthew Maginski" in the moderator's introduction. The only genuinely attributable Tether-adjacent turn in the whole 2019 panel.
preceding hand-off third-person eliminationI do agree with Eric that this is not Bitcoin and it doesn't affect Bitcoin security model, but it does affect Bitcoin's price discovery on the market and regarding Tether, it's, we've seen some of the most important exchanges in terms of volume. They do rely only or mainly on feather.
Basis: The speaker says "I do agree with Eric", so is not Eric Voskuil. Candidates remain Fernando Ulrich, Nic Carter, Matthew Mezinskis or the host.
"feather" = Tether.
roster known, speaker notexit question a few weeks ago when Bitcoin bottom, they printed yet again an enormous amount of tether allegedly taking US dollars, putting them into Bitcoin, holding the Bitcoin in the tether allegedly, maybe just printing the money. Will we look back on this later and say that the tether printing was the resultant for the Bitcoin price just like it was last time?
Basis: Scripted exit question; host self-identified in the cold open and performs every hand-off.
Note the two uses of "allegedly". The bought-the-bottom claim enters the archive here as a host question, in April 2020.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-offI do think that with tether, at the end of the day, they're audited. If they can be audited, then you've got to put a little bit of trust in that. I know that's against the ethos of not having trusted third parties to Bitcoin, but not everyone requires that specifically for whatever their means and uses of daily activities are.
Basis: Hand-off: "Dan Eve." closing the exit question.
The most pro-Tether position taken by any named panelist in the 2018-2021 stretch.
preceding hand-offYeah, I mean, the thing is, even if they're audited, it's no good because those auditors can go in and say, oh yeah, there's a, you know, to, you know, $750 million in that bank account. Okay, good check. What they can't do is go to the bank and order the bank to see how liquid that bank is.
Basis: Hand-off: "Trust no one, Joshua Skagala."
Rendered "Josh Kagala", "Joshua Skogala" and "Joshua Skagala" in this episode; Vaultoro is rendered "Valtoro". The bank-liquidity argument - an attestation of a balance says nothing about the solvency of the bank holding it.
preceding hand-offWe'll see how this goes, but I do think it's very likely that once again, we look back and we say, oh, the halving was great and oh, adoption was great. No, we all waved our flags and tried really hard. But in the end, those sneaky bastards printed millions and millions of dollars and basically did what the banks just did to the rest of the market.
Basis: Continuous with the host's scripted exit-question machinery and his close, "Moving on, just next issue."
His sharpest formulation of the bought-the-bottom claim.
preceding hand-offIt's the ultimate forgery to be able to just create a token, you're effectively forging the US dollar which comes with a massive jail sentence, but it's kind of this obfuscation, it's removal by saying, well, this equals a dollar and everyone treats it like a dollar. So, you might as well forge these dollars, which is pretty much what they could do. I'm not saying they are.
Basis: No hand-off. The passage runs on from the host's exit-question machinery and the sentence after it, "Well, I thought we all agreed that was kind of the problem we were focused on stopping", reads as the same voice continuing rather than a reply - so this is most likely the host. There is no naming either side of it, so it is not asserted.
An earlier draft of this card claimed the following sentence read as a reply by another speaker. Checking it against the transcript showed the opposite. The card is corrected and the quote still goes unattributed.
roster known, speaker notWe've been talking about this for years. Nobody ever thought tether was backed by anything. At one point they did prove their accounts, but it was a snapshot. It wasn't a live proof. It was like a oceans 11. It could have been a completely different video. Then they went on and just kept making more tether and selling more tether.
Basis: Issue-two read terminating in the named hand-off "We're going to Dan Eve. Dan, what's going on with tether? Do you think they're going to find those billions of dollars?"
turn ends in a hand-offI read somewhere that they had a there's a presentation with a pie chart in. It shows that 30 billion was in commercial papers. That's proof. They've got a pie chart. ... I'll take the word from it. I think the rest is backed by thoughts and prayers. Hashtag thoughts and prayers.
Basis: Hand-off: "We're going to Dan Eve. Dan, what's going on with tether? Do you think they're going to find those billions of dollars?"
preceding hand-offI certainly would not. Look, there's multiple things here. The biggest problem isn't that tether doesn't have the money. The biggest problem is that we don't know if they have the money. This is for me that the hardest thing about tether is that we don't know.
Basis: Hand-off: "And Josh Agala, they say one tether equals one dollar. Would you buy that for a dollar?"
The cleanest statement of the archive's actual standing position: the complaint is opacity, not proven fraud.
preceding hand-offAnd not only that, you have this dangerous concept where tether cooperation can just print these fake money, which is actually counterfeiting money in a way because they're just saying, well, this is equal to one dollar. Like this is one dollar. And you're like, if I made a one dollar note, I would be arrested.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2103.
The speaker is the founder of a competing stablecoin project (thestandard.io, earlier Vaultoro) and discloses it inside the same answer.
preceding hand-offAnd this is why we're building the standard is to build really a way to have stablecoins that are fully backed by crypto or by gold. And by real assets stuck in smart contracts that you can, that everybody can audit
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2103.
The commercial-interest disclosure, in his own words, attached to the criticism above.
preceding hand-offSo, you know, they claim they have 40 billion dollars in bank somewhere in a bank somewhere to account for that money, which is just, you know, probably untrue, like 99%, 99.9% a chance that that's complete bollocks.
Basis: Hand-off: "And Ben Arck, we're finally going to you. Shroudinger's tether. If we look inside the box, would we like what we see is the cat alive or dead?"
The strongest single claim in the episode, and firmly attributed.
preceding hand-offYou'll be doing the future, a good service, you won't be pouring more money into this big empty Ponzi scheme of a system, which which could implode and could have a really negative effect on Bitcoin and the ecosystem and in fact, entire economies.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2106.
Set this against the same speaker's 2025 position (2503, 2602): by 2025 he has conceded both that Tether works and that it serves people Bitcoin does not reach.
preceding hand-offSo people need to be able to trade and have some sort of stable medium of account to exchange with. But they couldn't do it with the regular normal dollar. They weren't served by the regular normal dollar. So this solution filled that void, a very hacky solution filled that void. Because it was ignored.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2106.
The most sympathetic account of Tether's origin from any 2021 panelist, from the same speaker as the "complete bollocks" line.
preceding hand-offI said, I don't think it will happen if years, because I think if they're clever little beans, they're using that fear that they've actually taken in to buy Bitcoin and they're utterly stinking rich from the Bitcoin. So it will never collapse because they're absolutely loaded on the on the on the corn.
Basis: Hand-off: "Moving on to the exit question, forced prediction, Dan Eve, the utter and total collapse of Tether will occur within weeks, months or years."
"that fear" = that fiat. The earliest clear statement of the bought-the-bottom thesis as the reason Tether will NOT collapse - October 2021.
preceding hand-offThey were lucky. They bought it at the bottom and Bitcoin's gone up way more than when they bought it. So they're sitting pretty and that's why they're being called the BlackRock of, you know, they're up there with BlackRock.
Basis: Hand-off: "Josh, Shagalla, weeks, months or years."
preceding hand-offthe reserves were not all in cash and all in a bank account titled in tether's name at all times as tether represented in the order it has always maintained adequate reserve reserves and never failed to satisfy a redemption request.
Basis: Issue read terminating in the named hand-off to Ben Arc; host self-identified in the cold open.
Read aloud from the CFTC order and Tether's statement.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-offso that means that these reserves that were supposed to be one tether to one dollar were in some other form then cash could have been the guy what are the CEOs bank accounts could have been the steel was somebody else's name it was like having they couldn't buy enough Bitcoin under the tether name they had to use another account
Basis: The turn refers to Josh and to Ben in the third person ("I think Josh is right", "Ben and I were arguing over what the meaning of this"), so it is neither of them - host or Dan Eve. Format points to the host; not established.
The episode's sharpest inference from the settlement wording, and its speaker is not fixed.
roster known, speaker notnow some would say that tether now because the I'm guessing the moment that they weren't back fully was the moment when they bought Bitcoin on the dip and it was a huge dip I think it was after 2007 after it went down like crazy and then they bought it right down near the bottom.
Basis: Hand-off: "Josh a golly your thoughts on tether finally being settled no more controversy everything's good from now on."
"after 2007" - the speaker means the post-2017 crash. Note "I'm guessing": the bought-the-bottom claim is hedged by the person making it, every time he makes it.
preceding hand-offAbsolutely genius move for sure but extremely reckless extremely reckless and if they had had a tether run at that moment they wouldn't have been able to cover everything and and that would have been it but they did they did it it went back up as Bitcoin every time does and now they're way over collateralized I'm guessing because they're not very transparent.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2113.
preceding hand-offThe Fed has to put up with Bitcoin because there's no way to shut it down but tether can be shut down same with usbc usdc same with all of the other usbc same same with same with all of these other centralized stablecoins you don't really need to the government doesn't really need to do much they can just say no it's illegal now and stop all trading on it
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2113.
The seizure argument again, six years after Tone Vays's version of it.
preceding hand-offThis allows people to hold in quote marks USD on an exchange so that if they're nervous about the price of Bitcoin or alt coin or whatever they can duck into USD and then feel safe but this all again relies on an external system an external system that apparently is making the tether company 1.48 billion dollars.
Basis: Issue read terminating in the named hand-off "Josh, you go what's going on with tether how are they making so much money."
turn ends in a hand-offWell they're gambling with everybody's funds that's how they're making so much money and that's why it's extremely dangerous yet they're winning. But gamblers are gambler and gamblers you know the house always win not the gambler.
Basis: Hand-off: "Josh, you go what's going on with tether how are they making so much money."
preceding hand-offRemember when it crashed right right near the bottom they pile up everything back into Bitcoin so they took their deposits once it's meant to be $1 in the bank for one tether and they pile up on Bitcoin Bitcoin skyrocketed up and did a huge big moon bump
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2302.
preceding hand-offJust quickly, Dan. I do want to push. I do want to push back on the comment that you said that they're gambling with other people's money. They're not. If you look at the terms of use, you are buying one. You were 10 USDT. So you're buying the token. Once you've handled that money over, that's their money now. Just like the banking system, when you put money in the bank, it's their money.
Basis: The turn opens "Just quickly, Dan." and disputes "the comment that you said that they're gambling with other people's money" - but that phrasing is the host's in his hand-off to Dan Eve and Josh Scigala's in his own answer, so even the addressee reference is ambiguous. Not attributed.
The only pro-Tether legal argument on the episode, and the most load-bearing unattributed passage in the 2023 material.
roster known, speaker notI mean if they're backing their USDT supposedly with US assets or even if they're gambling with it you know the moment the rest of the financial system breaks which is what we're anticipating. That will be the end of USDT and if you're still holding USDT when that happens it's as bad as having had that money in the bank
Basis: Hand-off: "Victoria Jones I've never understood why people would want to use tether but now that they're making 1.48 billion dollars it must be incredible right."
preceding hand-offSo there are other things that are going on behind the scenes but you know this article must be particularly sickening to all those people have been predicting USDT is demise since the beginning of time I mean there's been plenty of them around I know what eventually they'll be right and it'll happen you know it'll happen when the US dollar it goes down
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2305.
Said on a show that had been predicting it since 2016. The archive notices its own record here.
preceding hand-offAnd of course, as everyone knows, on a long enough timeline, all stable coins lose their peg.
Basis: Turn terminating in the host transition "But we've got to move on to the last issue."
turn ends in a hand-offIt's the best but going back to tether and Bitcoin I think that this is it's good for Bitcoin and it's good for tether but I'm not crazy about how tether got the money. It seemed to me if you go back in time tether said they had US dollars in an account equal to the number of tether that there were being printed. But in actuality tether took that money in the account and used it to bet on Bitcoin.
Basis: Two-voice episode. The speaker refers to Dan in the third person ("like Dan said with SPX and FTX"), and only two people are on the roster, so by elimination this is the host. Not promoted to Tier A because the evidence is a back-reference rather than a hand-off - but on a two-person show the elimination is as tight as elimination gets.
Kept at Tier B deliberately. The report marks it as an elimination, not an attribution.
third-person eliminationbut it's another example of once you give someone your money like Dan said with SPX and FTX they can do what they want with it whether your money is Bitcoin or altcoin or dollars or whatever you put it in their account you expect FTX to have separate accounts. You expect tether to not go gambling with the money but it always seems to happen you just can't trusting third parties is consistently a mistake
Basis: Same turn and same elimination as 2308.
"SPX" = SBF (Sam Bankman-Fried).
roster known, speaker not third-person eliminationWell you know the famous expression they close the barn door now that all the horses have gone and it's great for tether to be audited now it's great to have it in accounts now after you've taken customer funds and made a giant bet on Bitcoin like a roulette wheel we talked about gambling before.
Basis: Turn terminating in the host transition "moving on to issue 4. Is ledgers new Bitcoin key recovery features safe experts have doubts."
turn ends in a hand-offThey won their bet and now as far as I know after you make a big bet and win it you don't really need to make another big bet they can kind of keep coasting on what they have and this investment at Bitcoin seems to be part of that cost so I think it's going to work out for them I'm positive
Basis: Same turn and transition as 2310.
May 2023: the host predicts Tether will be fine. Against 1827 (June 2018, "definitely happening") this is the clearest single marker of the shift in his position.
turn ends in a hand-offand although they're they're audited as Josh pointed out last week there's still the ability for them to have contracts that they're essentially load out the money
Basis: Two-voice episode; the turn refers to "as Josh pointed out last week" - an absent panelist - and directly answers the host's preceding turn.
preceding hand-offAnd he was saying that it's an uphill struggle because everyone just, everyone who would use digital currencies, they just used Tether because it's stable and subsistence wage people just needs stability. So I feel like, I mean, everyone always, and like, we always kind of assumed how that would implode in on itself and it never did.
Basis: Two-person episode (Ben Arc and Thomas Hunt per the cold open). No hand-off inside the block, so which of the two is not established.
The explicit retirement of the collapse thesis. The archive had been predicting the implosion since 2016; here it notices that it never came.
roster known, speaker notThe good thing about Tether is it works. And it's been working for years.
Basis: Same two-person episode, no hand-off.
roster known, speaker notthe reality is like a large portion of the world already used tether and find it very useful in Lausavane, but unbanked folks used tether the sorts of people who traditionally the US would have wanted to get print a dollars in their hands, they used tether. And every time we try and go into some of these unbanked regions and get them to use Bitcoin, the price and stability is too much for them to end up just using tether.
Basis: Hand-off: "Ben Arck, what do you think about the bill passing the Senate?" The turn also carries a self-identification of occupation: "I work in Bitcoin payments and we need stability for on bank folks."
"the price and stability" = the price instability; "in Lausavane" is unintelligible. The same speaker who called Tether a "big empty Ponzi scheme" in 2021 (2107).
preceding hand-off self-identificationI saw a tether come out I saw these other stables come out and say, oh great, you can sell Bitcoin for your portfolio, hold it in something that matches up to the dollar. Why would I want that? That's not what I got in this for. That's not what Satoshi is about. But remember that the market has spoken and Tether made like billions and billions of dollars. So it doesn't matter what I think. People clearly want stable coins.
Basis: The turn refers to another panelist in the third person ("I think like Mazda saying" - Muzz, i.e. Mike Jarmuz) and ends with the hand-off "Ben Arck, what do you think about the bill passing the Senate?"
"So it doesn't matter what I think" - the concession, stated as a concession.
turn ends in a hand-off third-person eliminationBut anyway, I think it's interesting that they have, like for instance reserve requirements on these things, which is really important because if these stable coins become so massive that there's trillions of dollars, They're centralized. The circles totally centralized. They same with Tether and all of these. They say they have so much in reserve and we have to trust them. And this is exactly how facturized banking started.
Basis: Hand-off: "Josh Shagalla, what do you think about the Senate passing the stablecoin bill and stablecoins generally?", plus self-identification in the same turn ("the reason why I started the standard").
"facturized banking" = fractional reserve banking; "The circles" = Circle is.
preceding hand-off self-identificationBecause in the financial industry, you can say we have this much in the bank, but the thing is the bank can be in fractional reserve legally. So what does it mean? How do you prove what assets you have backing all of these tokens that are flying around?
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2505.
The classic reserve-proof question, asked again in 2025 in the same terms as 2016.
preceding hand-offAnd the thing is that Tether made a massive bet, which could have gone so bad, but they made a bet that made them so insanely rich and over collateralized that it's not even funny. They took everybody's USD that was backing their stable coins and when Bitcoin was at its low, when everyone was saying sell, sell, sell, Bitcoin's you know, back in its, and Bitcoin's finished, it's over down at like 10 grand or something, they went and took all the money and put it all in Bitcoin. I don't know, maybe not all, but a lot of it.
Basis: Self-identification in the passage ("It's one of the reasons we started Valtoro back in the day" = Vaultoro) plus the host's set-up immediately before: "Yeah, this is your field, isn't this? ... So your authority in the room here." (The host's words run on between those two fragments; the ellipsis marks the cut.)
The fullest version of the bought-the-bottom account in the archive - with the speaker's own hedge intact: "I don't know, maybe not all, but a lot of it." This passage is re-cut as a standalone short two weeks later and restated by the host twice in the following seven months. It is the origin of the legend inside this corpus.
self-identificationThe thing with tether is nobody really knows the structure still, which to me is so freaking amazing, phenomenal. It's so cypher punk, even though this is a centralized thing. No one really understands how tether is structured, where they sit, where they're domiciled, they're legally structured.
Basis: Hand-off: "Now Josh, in the same way, Do you think they could have ended up like Sam Bankman freed if the bet had gone in the other direction?"
preceding hand-offironically full circle, no pun intended, but that is the 1984 CBDC. That is, that is everything that you feared, like as a Bitcoiner and talked about, literally they can do it, you know, and it's just creeping up on your funds are frozen, your funds expire next week if you don't, you know, spend them.
Basis: Four-voice panel; no hand-off in this block and the voice is not established.
The clearest "stablecoins are the CBDC we feared" formulation in the archive - and it is unattributed.
roster known, speaker notWe still have the one more issue about Tether. It just sounds interesting to me. They're opening the United States. Tether continues to march forward. I just they have so much money. They're buying treasury bonds. They're buying gold. They're buying Bitcoin. They really are the snake that has eaten itself and just got bigger and bigger and bigger.
Basis: Turn terminating in the named hand-off "Dan, what do you think about Tether? It's just getting bigger."
turn ends in a hand-offStable coins. I'm famously wrong about Tether. I didn't get it. It's a huge company now. One of the biggest.
Basis: Two-person episode; host self-identified in the cold open, and this turn terminates in the hand-off "What do you think about Rough Rider coin is this of interest?"
October 2025. The single most direct self-assessment in the archive, and the pivot of the whole position-shift thread.
self-identification turn ends in a hand-off third-person eliminationAnd I'm certain that this is at least in part because the people that run Tether are Italian, right? So to get a chance to buy it would be like if you grew up in New York and you get a chance to buy the Yankees. That's basically what this is.
Basis: No roster source of any kind. This file is a 1,592-character clip whose opening hook line repeats verbatim fourteen seconds later - the signature of a re-cut. Jimmy Song is named in the third person as the person who brought the story, which places him on the parent panel but establishes none of the voices here.
The weakest-sourced file in the archive. Included to show what the coverage said, not who said it.
no roster sourceAnd it happens so that because bond rates are so high, because interest rates are so high, a company like Tether can make enormous amounts of money just holding US Treasuries, short-term US Treasury bonds that are 3-6 months in nature. And they make so much money off of that. Because they have over a hundred billion dollars in assets under management and they get 4% 5% on that. And that's 4-5 billion dollars every year. That's how you get 50 people doing that.
Basis: Hand-off: "Jimmy, what do you think our stable coins going to take away Bitcoin's limelight or it will be all Bitcoin in 2026?"
The most specific numerical account of Tether's business model anywhere in the archive - and it is the same interest-income mechanism Gabriel D. Vine described in June 2018 (1847), now at scale.
preceding hand-offThe big story for me with regard to stable coinds is this is what a free market banking solution would look like, were it not so regulated by government. And Tether has like 50 employees. They have a bigger market cap, I think, than Goldman Sachs and other banks.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2512.
Note the speaker's own hedge, "I think", on the market-cap comparison. Quoted as his claim, not as a figure.
preceding hand-offWell, not with it, my bubble, but I do understand that a large part of Latin America and the Middle East and pretty much a lot of the places that actually need Bitcoin are turning to stable coins and using them for daily transactions. And they're sort of eating our lunch and it's super ironic that Bitfinex Tether is funding a bunch of Bitcoin companies but at the same time they're not supporting grassroots adoption too much except if it's for Tether.
Basis: Hand-off: "The question I want to ask the panel, Vlad Kasa, what's more important right now? Bitcoin or stable coins?"
"not with it, my bubble" = "not to burst my bubble". Rendered "FlaD Costa" in the cold open.
preceding hand-offIs it censorship resistant? Like Bitcoin? No, it's not. Can it be confiscated? Yes. Is it really stable? No, we have seen lots of these algorithmic stable coins and projects that went down. Terri Luna was like three, four years ago, I lost count. I'm not saying that it's going to happen to Tether even if everything is possible.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2514.
"I'm not saying that it's going to happen to Tether" - the second explicit retirement of the collapse thesis in this arc, from a different speaker to 2501.
preceding hand-offI agree, Jenny. Tether is some kind of a business miracle, especially when they bought heavily into Bitcoin at the bottom, perhaps even using their reserves against the rules.
Basis: The turn carries a third-person address ("as you're saying, Jimmy") and closes with the hand-off "Let's go to Robert Allen. What do you think about stable coins versus Bitcoin in 2026?"
"I agree, Jenny" = "I agree, Jimmy". The host's standing formulation of the legend, with its hedge ("perhaps").
turn ends in a hand-off third-person eliminationWell, I married an Nigerian. I live in Lagos right now. And so I've been able to understand this a bit more than I did previous just because I'm around folks who use USDT quite regularly.
Basis: Hand-off: "Let's go to Robert Allen. What do you think about stable coins versus Bitcoin in 2026?" plus self-identification of location in the passage.
Robert Allen appears in the recorded cold open as co-founder of SatLantis but is missing from the episode's published FEATURING list, which instead credits Steven McKie - who never speaks. Nothing in this episode can be attributed to Steven McKie.
preceding hand-off self-identificationIf you've got 50 bucks and that's your entire savings and the price of Bitcoin is fluctuating like it does, you may not want that sort of volatility. In your little savings account, so to speak. So I think it makes sense. And the dollar has name recognition.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2517.
preceding hand-offAs Josh says all the time, whenever he's here, Tether made big bets on Bitcoin at the bottom of Bitcoin, big risky bets that might have included some customer funds. Nobody knows. And they did very well. So if you make big bets and win, no one cares. If you make big bets and lose, that's when they all come for you.
Basis: Two third-person references inside the same continuous turn establish the speaker: "As Josh says all the time, whenever he's here" (Joshua Scigala, not on this episode) and "one of the things I think Adam said that was really interesting", which excludes Adam Meister.
The host explicitly naming a previous guest as the source of the bought-the-bottom claim and marking it unverified: "Nobody knows." The most carefully sourced line anyone says about Tether anywhere in the archive.
third-person eliminationYeah, if you're not a start your own stable coin, basically you own your own bank. And that's a lot, it's a lot easier and cheaper to own tether than it is to run a gigantic worldwide bank with all these regulations and offices and physical locations and stuff. I mean, the what tether is worth is incredible.
Basis: Hand-off: "Adam Meister, what do you think about Jamie Diamond? Jamie Diamond, changing his mind, his son or daughter, something owned crypto the whole time."
"Jamie Diamond" = Jamie Dimon.
preceding hand-offAmerica's but but hey up until proven differently. The world has chosen tethered by. Overall, the stable. It's still is a number one stable point.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2602.
"tethered by" = Tether; "stable point" = stablecoin.
preceding hand-offBut as we know, tether has billions and billions of dollars now. So we are hugely wrong on that. What Maister's saying, other countries using tether, people using tether and other stable coins for business is apparently happening all the time.
Basis: The turn carries a third-person reference to the other panelist ("What Maister's saying"), which on a two-person episode establishes the speaker as the host.
"Maister" = Meister. "So we are hugely wrong on that" - stated flatly, in January 2026.
third-person eliminationBut what seems to have succeeded against all Bitcoin or dreams is tether. And these other stable coins are now we're seeing legislation being made, which as we all know will create a protected environment where companies like tether will continue to thrive
Basis: Same turn as 2604.
"against all Bitcoin or dreams" = against all Bitcoiner dreams.
preceding hand-offIt's strange for all the technology and all the work put into Bitcoin, what people really want are these stable coins. They want these dollar backed coins. As Bitcoiners, we never really saw maybe a cypherpunks or libertarians. We didn't see the rise of these things.
Basis: Same turn as 2604.
preceding hand-offI think it's kind of. Best of interest in traditional banking and traditional regulation that all they're going to do is ever is. Fond tether and yet tether is still the number one stable coin or earth. So it's very interesting what the public has said with their pocketbook in terms of all these high level fodders out there.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2602.
Critical gloss: "Fond tether" = "FUD Tether" and "high level fodders" = "high-level FUDders". Whisper renders FUD as fund / fond / fun throughout this episode; without the gloss the sentence reads as its own opposite.
preceding hand-offWe're always talking, oh, Tether's so great. USDC, all these things USDT are so great. But unlike Bitcoin, they can freeze your money for any reason they want. If you donate money to something they don't approve of, they'll freeze your account. So freezing accounts is back thanks to Tether.
Basis: Grab-bag segment set up in the same turn ("We have quite a few grab bag stories") and closed with the hand-off to Victoria Jones.
The headline that precedes this in the same breath is read aloud; everything from "We're always talking" is his own.
turn ends in a hand-offWell obviously, you know, Tether stopping that much money on the blockchain. It's just another form of CBDC, isn't it really?
Basis: Hand-off: "A Victoria Jones of the grab bag did any of these stories strike you as interesting anything you'd like to mention again?"
preceding hand-offI have noticed that the peg for Tether has been slipping over the last month. So that might have something to do with it. Maybe a lot of people starting to lose their trust in Tether.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2609.
Presented as the speaker's own observation ("I have noticed"). The archive contains no corroboration of it and this report does not supply any.
preceding hand-offSo obviously you've got big criminal gangs using Tether, but you've also got people who otherwise would be in a little poverty also using Tether. So yeah, it's tricky one really. Because it's established itself now as a very strong brand and people have started to rely on it.
Basis: Same post-hand-off turn as 2609.
"in a little poverty" is probably "in utter poverty".
preceding hand-offbut at a larger scale, and I'll take this one first, we disagree with freezing wallets. We disagree with PayPal freezing wallets. I disagree with USDT or Tether or Tron or whoever you are. Freezing wallets is against Bitcoin. It's against the idea of free flowing money, free flowing information. Sometimes good, sometimes bad. We can't control it all. That's the whole point of Bitcoin.
Basis: The host takes the issue himself before handing off ("and I'll take this one first"), and the turn closes with "But Ben, what do you think about freezing accounts?"
July 2026. The objection has relocated completely: not solvency, not reserves, but censorship. This is the thesis statement of the final arc.
preceding hand-offnow we have Tether for a period like Tether was useful when Bitcoin was an incredibly unregulated market and people had exchanges and they wanted to in and out of Bitcoin to trade or whatever it can. It was kind of useful. But yeah, it's just, it's just, it's just a payment processing thing you can use, but they can ban you. They can freeze your wallet.
Basis: Hand-off: "But Ben, what do you think about freezing accounts? And the clear difference between Bitcoin and tether and Tron and probably a lot of these other projects?"
A re-cut of this same passage published two days later renders "unregulated" as "regulated", which reverses the sense. The live file is preferred here.
preceding hand-offYeah, Tether has brought back all of our least favorite words from working with banks and Wall Street where they freeze your account, where they ban your account, where they reverse your transactions. And again, obviously we generally disagree with whatever ISIS K is up to. But this could be a free speech organization. It could be a pro-women organization. It could be something you support.
Basis: The turn carries the third-person address "Like you said, Ben", which on a two-person episode establishes the speaker as the host.
third-person eliminationYou shouldn't be, I mean, with Tadley, even if you have them in your own wallet and you've only phone or whatever, then they can still freeze the funds because it's just a centralized, I don't even know what it is. It's not even a shit coin, it's just like a centralized database.
Basis: Hand-off inside the clip itself: "But Ben, what do you think about freezing accounts and the clear difference between Bitcoin and Tether and Tron and probably a lot of these other projects?" - and the parent episode (TBG #499, 2026-07-04) establishes the roster.
This file is a re-cut of TBG #499 and its independent Whisper pass decodes a passage the live file garbles. Quoted from the clip because the clip's rendering is the legible one; the words were spoken on 4 July 2026.
preceding hand-offTether is boosting up the United States. I love Tether. I love Tether, but it is marketing. They picked United state's dollar. Why did the United States have they keep on buying treasuries? Why do they keep doing this? It strengthens it.
Basis: Three indicators together: the host's NEXT turn names the speaker ("And as Adam mentions"); the same turn refers to Victoria Jones in the third person ("she mentioned Argentina and Salad beforehand"), excluding her; and only three voices are on the episode. Following-turn attribution rather than a preceding hand-off - a weaker standard, stated so it can be checked.
August 2026, from the panelist who in June 2018 advised people "not to play around with tether whatsoever" (1853).
next turn names the speaker third-person eliminationthe stablecoin thing is really huge. That is something that is, it really, sadly, it's a killer act that's come that out of the Bitcoin revolution. It really is. It really is.
Basis: The speaker refers to Thomas Hunt in the third person twice in this stretch, which excludes the host, leaving Adam Meister or Victoria Jones. No naming establishes which.
"a killer act" = a killer app. A concession offered as a concession - stablecoins named as the killer app that came out of Bitcoin, said "sadly".
roster known, speaker notWell, and remember that tether is what they can regulate. They can't regulate Bitcoin. They can regulate tether because tether's tied into bank accounts. They're tied into stocks. They're tied into bonds. And all of those things could be regulatory frozen, right? You can't regulatory freeze Bitcoin.
Basis: A direct reply to the preceding turn, which addressed "Thomas" directly - so most likely Thomas Hunt, and the turn continues into host-style running-order material. Not established.
Substantive and quotable, and its attribution is unresolved. Worth settling against the video.
roster known, speaker notThomas's own account is the only self-attributing source in this corpus. The archive holds 110 of his tweets matching tether, USDT or Bitfinex — 110 distinct tweet IDs, deduplicated across the two archive tables that both carry them. 80 are retweets. Of the 30 remaining, four use “tether” as the ordinary English word (a power strip, a phone, a monitor) and most of the rest are episode promotion. What is left — seven tweets in his own words about the companies — is below, together with 14 of the 80 retweets, chosen because they date where his attention was on a given day. Dates are decoded from the snowflake IDs, not from the ingest timestamp; on this set the two agree for all 110, which was checked rather than assumed. Two of the 110 predate 2015 and so sit outside the report's frame.
| Date | Kind | Tweet |
|---|---|---|
| 2015-01-21 | retweet | RT @WorldCryptoNet: Bitfinex CSO Phillip G. Potter admits to trading on own exchange while having admin access to exchange http://t.co/eafS… |
| 2016-08-02 | retweet | RT @bitfinex: Bitfinex Security Breech: http://blog.bitfinex.com/uncategorized/security-breach/ |
| 2017-10-10 | own | Today we learned Bitfinex is a company of substance. @coinbase still waiting for your bad decision. @brian_armstrong still hope for you. https://x.com/xentagz/status/917711084236222464 |
| 2017-11-22 | retweet | RT @nathanielpopper: One point that didn't fit in the story: After getting hacked in 2016, Bitfinex said it gave every customer a 36% hairc… |
| 2018-01-30 | retweet | RT @JoeSaluzzi: Bloomberg: Crypto exchange Bitfinex, tether said to get subpoenaed by CFTC |
| 2018-06-13 | own | #Bitcoin price after Tether Manipulation story. https://x.com/MadBitcoins/status/1006967095643402240/photo/1 Posted the same day as the 82-mention Bitcoin Talk Show. |
| 2018-07-31 | retweet | RT @paulkrugman: And now for something completely different https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/31/opinion/transaction-costs-and-tethers-why-im-a-crypto-skeptic.html |
| 2018-08-12 | retweet | RT @paulvigna: Over the past year, tether has become akin to a central bank for crypto trading. That might be a problem. https://t.co/U6tsr… |
| 2018-10-24 | own | @ChrisGilliard Coinbase is always trying what worked yesterday.
Cryptsy and Polo make lots of money adding altcoins, let’s try that.
Tether made a lot of money and can move the market with stablecoin (allegedly), let’s try that.
Coming soon: coinbase launches a year long crowdsals for CEOS Note the parenthetical: "(allegedly)". The same hedge he uses on air. |
| 2018-11-14 | own | Charlie explains Tether FUD is causing #bitcoin to fall. That’s it. Go back to work! |
| 2018-11-14 | own | Guy who trusts Tether and owns stock in Bitfinex wishes for more transparency in #bitcoin.
This is an irony free zone. Posted eight minutes after the one above. |
| 2019-04-25 | retweet | RT @paulvigna: EXCLUSIVE: Bitfinex used tether reserves to mask $850 million loss of client funds from 2018, NY AG says. AG gets court orde… |
| 2019-04-26 | retweet | RT @paulvigna: Bitfinex has used at least $700 million from tether reserves to help cover its losses, turning #tether reserves into 'slush… |
| 2020-04-14 | own | Hey @bitfinex, how come you don’t have “Daily change in Volume” in your #bitcoin API? Seems kinda important, eh? https://x.com/MadBitcoins/status/1250032662900686848/photo/1 |
| 2020-12-04 | own | OKEx’s Trading Volumes and Tether Reserve Plunge on Possible User Exodus https://www.coindesk.com/okex-volume-tether-reserves-drop |
| 2021-02-23 | retweet | RT @Tether_to: Tether & @Bitfinex have reached a settlement with @NewYorkStateAG. After 2.5 years and 2.5M pages of info shared, we admit t… |
| 2021-05-16 | retweet | RT @patio11: I once wrote “Tether is the internal accounting system for the largest fraud since Madoff.” This breakdown of assets “backing… |
| 2021-10-08 | retweet | RT @BW: NEW COVER: The $69 billion crypto mystery. Inside the wild search for the billions of U.S. dollars supposedly backing Tether, the… |
| 2021-10-15 | retweet | RT @gaborgurbacs: Tether just settled with the CFTC. Seems like the end of an era for Tether FUD and the beginning of a new area of growth.… |
| 2025-05-13 | retweet | RT @BitcoinMagazine: JUST IN: Jack Mallers Twenty One Capital and Tether buys 4,812 #Bitcoin for $458,700,000 🤯 https://x.com/BitcoinMagazine/status/1922389674112299047/photo/1 |
| 2025-06-10 | retweet | RT @GwartyGwart: Circle is now trading at 2 Nvidias. Plasma just raised $500m at a $50B valuation. Tether has 4 employees and makes more mo… |
Retweets are reproduced because they date his attention, not because they are his words. The retweeted text belongs to the account named in it.